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Percentage guides.

Fifteen in-depth guides covering percentage math, business and finance, academics, health, real estate, tax, and everyday money.

1

How to calculate percentages

Three reliable methods, the four classic question types, and mental shortcuts for common percentages.

2

Formula cheatsheet

Every percentage formula in one printable reference, plus conversion tables.

3

Percent vs percentage points

The single distinction that causes the most confusion in business and news.

4

8 common mistakes

Stacked discounts, asymmetric changes, weighted averages — the typical pitfalls.

5

In real life

Where percentages show up: money, shopping, health, sports, and news literacy.

6

APY, APR & yields

APR vs APY, simple vs compound interest, and how compounding frequency changes your real return.

7

Markup vs margin

Why a 33.3% markup equals a 25% margin — with a conversion table and pricing case studies.

8

Change vs difference

When to divide by the baseline versus the average, plus percent error and relative variance.

9

Spreadsheet formulas

Copy-paste percentage formulas for Excel & Google Sheets, and the absolute-reference fix.

10

Tips, tax & discounts

Mental tip math, an international tipping guide, pre-tax from a total, and stacked-discount traps.

11

Grades, GPA & CGPA

Percentage-to-letter-to-GPA mapping, the CBSE x9.5 formula, and the score you need on a final.

12

Body fat & macros

The US Navy body-fat formula, calorie-to-macro grams, and weight-loss percentage.

13

Real estate returns

Gross vs net yield, cap rate, and how expenses erode the headline number.

14

GST, VAT & customs

Inclusive vs exclusive tax, stripping embedded tax, and stacked import duties.

15

Probability & ratios

Ratio-to-percent conversion, combining probabilities, and frequency distributions.